Healthcare has always been known to take the time to perform different analyses to fix various errors and defects in processes. However, the majority of these investigations aren’t launched until after the problem has already occurred. Using Six Sigma Methodology and the FMEA principles of analysis, healthcare professionals can now redesign and correct processes and potential risk factors before they become a problem. In the first part of this series, the overview and definitions of FMEA were discussed. Now, the discussion will turn to the types of FMEA processes that can be done, the benefits of these analyses, and how to update the FMEA process.

There are three main types of FMEA processes that are part of Six Sigma Methodology and Lean Six Sigma. Process FMEA is designed to find defects within processes that are transactional, and the failure modes generally stem from causes that are identified within the process. System FMEA is more specific in that it is used in early design and conceptual stages to analyze systems. The focus here is on potential failures that would be caused by design. Design FMEA is employed to find potential defects and failures that are caused by the design, and can come from causes that were found by a System FMEA. There are three other less common variations, known as the FMECA, the d-FMEA, and the p-FMEA, which all add an extra step to the FMEA process or specify it further.

Given that there are so many different ways to use FMEA as taught by Six Sigma training, it is no wonder that the healthcare industry finds it so relevant and helpful in preventing errors in their setting. Doing a FMEA will improve the process as a whole, including the quality and safety of it. It also offers a structured means for identifying problems rather than just guessing at what could use some work. It offers documentation and finite evidence about the processes and what needs fixed. The main benefit of FMEA in healthcare, though, is that it increases customer (patient) safety, satisfaction, and overall wellbeing of everyone involved.

When it comes to preparing and updating your FMEA, there are a few guidelines to keep in mind. The Process Owner is the leader of the team, and the team should include people who know the process or are affected by it. The Process Owner is also responsible for updating the FMEA on a regular basis. These are the basic regulations of putting an FMEA team in place.